Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein
Catalog Number: TL-302
Gene Name Synonym: Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, CSF-2, MGI-1GM, Pluripoietin-α.
Construction: A DNA sequence encoding the human GM-CSF (NP_034099.2) was expressed with a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus.
Source:Human
Expression Host: HEK293 cells
QC Testing Purity: > 95 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
Bio Activity: The ED 50 as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells is ≤ 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 1 x 10 7 units/mg.
Endotoxin: < 0.1EU per ug of the protein as determined by the LAL method.
Molecular Mass: The Recombinant human GM-CSF consists of 190 amino acids and predicts a molecular mass of 15KDa.
Formulation: Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4. Normally 6 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol are added as protectants before lyophilization.
Stability & Storage: Samples are stable for up to 24 months from date of receipt at 4 ℃.
Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Protein Description
GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the development of neutrophils and macrophages, and promotes the proliferation and development of early erythroid megakaryocytic and eosinophilic progenitor cells. It is produced in endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts and T-lymphocytes. GM-CSF inhibits neutrophil migration and enhances the functional activity of the mature end-cells. The human and murine molecules are species-specific and exhibit no cross-species reactivity. GM-CSF stimulates the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors to monocytes and neutrophils, and reduces the risk for febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. GM-CSF also has been shown to induce the differentiation of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) that promote the development of T-helper type 1 (cellular) immune responses in cognate T cells. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has been utilized in the clinical management of multiple disease processes. Most recently, GM-CSF has been incorporated into the treatment of malignancies as a sole therapy, as well as a vaccine adjuvant. While the benefits of GM-CSF in this arena have been promising, recent reports have suggested the potential for GM-CSF to induce immune suppression and, thus, negatively impact outcomes in the management of cancer patients. GM-CSF deficiency in pregnancy adversely impacts fetal and placental development, as well as progeny viability and growth after birth, highlighting this cytokine as a central maternal determinant of pregnancy outcome with clinical relevance in human fertility.
References
- Robertson SA. (2007) GM-CSF regulation of embryo development and pregnancy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18(3-4): 287-98.
- Waller EK. (2007) The role of sargramostim (rhGM-CSF) as immunotherapy. Oncologist. 12 Suppl 2: 22-6.
- Clive KS, et al. (2010) Use of GM-CSF as an adjuvant with cancer vaccines: beneficial or detrimental? Expert Rev Vaccines. 9(5): 519-25.
Trial dosage: A customer can apply for up to five samples a year (the actual trial dosage is determined by telephone or email communication).
Scope of use: Samples are limited to testing and research purposes.
Cost: Free for samples, customer is responsible for shipping and handling charges, reference cost is $50 in the US, €60 in the EU, and $50 in other countries.
How to apply: You can apply by telephone or by email (the email application should specify the sample name, item number, contact person, telephone number, consignee address, etc.).
